Tuesday, June 9, 2020
The Hells Angels and the Police - Free Essay Example
The hells angel is a criminal gang that mainly relies on the theft, drug trafficking, and prostitution as their source of income. It was founded in 1948 after the world war 2. Police have been in constant wrangles with this gang trying to bring to an end the criminal activities conducted by the gang. The gang mainly uses motorcycles to carry out their business which they consider as the fastest means of escaping the police. The gang involves both sexes, and they wear black jackets that bear the name hells angels with skull symbols. It has become difficult for the police to identify the criminal activities of the group. This is because the group uses cunning measures which allude that a group is a charity group that serves the society. Police argue that this is an outlawed group because they murder and eliminate other rivals who are opposed to their criminal activities. The police have not been able to come up with details of what goes on during closed club meetings of the group. The gang breaks the rules and laws in the society as they have the view that no police can stop them. The police efforts to fight and execute the gang has been faced with a lot of challenges. The gang has heavy weapons which they use to attack the law enforcers and the public. The gang has a tight and sturdy managerial structure as opposed to the management in the police force which enables the gang to carry out their business with much ease. There seems to be a certain form of communication which is sophisticated and makes it difficult for the police to follow the criminal offenses of the gang. The police continue to be determined to bring to an end of these criminal activities despite the challenges. The police have been able to employ undercover police who work with the gang to come up with details of the activities carried out by the group. This has been significant in the sense that testimonies of undercover police have been used to execute and punish members of the gang. There seems to be a seamless connection between the gang and its leadership even after the leaders have been jailed. It is vital to note that the police have done their investigations they found that the members of the group have been able to communicate and advise others on how to carry out their business. This communication has been a significant hindrance in efforts to ly eliminate the gang, and therefore we continue to witness the rampant increase of criminal activities purported by the hells angels. The group has been trying to affirm their existence despite being an outlawed group. The top leadership of the gang argues that they are being persecuted due to their operation against the minor rules of the society. The gang argues that the police are trying to make a name by killing the members of the club. It is ironical that the leadership of the gang condones the drug traffickers and go ahead to say that any member found dealing with drugs will be thrown out of the group. This is a form of blackmail to the police that serves to promote the continuation of the criminal activities of the group. The gang has established a way of defending its activities. The members of the club have personal lawyers who defend them when charged with criminal offenses. The lawyers are very sharp in defending the gang, and this turns out to be a massive blow to the police during the prosecution process. In most instances, the criminals manage to escape the criminal charges against them, and therefore the group continues to thrive. The technology used within the gang is superior to the one under the police. The government agents have been able to recover sophisticated radio wave detectors owned by the gang. It is important to note that this is a device that cannot be found even within the CIA. The gang is, therefore, able to carry out its operation without the notice of the law enforcers. In conclusion, the police have been successful in executing their charges against the criminals. The police have been able to carry out high profile investigations that have served as a relief to the society in efforts to eliminate the gang. The gang has now resorted to other forms of business in efforts to avoid contact with the law enforcers. The police have indeed restored order within the gang and made the members embrace the laws of the society.
Sunday, May 17, 2020
The Scientific Management And The Bureaucracy Theory Essay
This report aims to find out whether the scientific management and the bureaucracy theory are useful for modern organization and managers. There is no specific research area under the essay, as there has no enough information from one region to support the arguments listed in the report. In particular, it focuses on the effect of four principles of Taylorââ¬â¢s theory to modern companies. How bureaucracy and post-bureaucracy theory work in contemporary companies has been included as well. Another content of the essay is the weakness of two theories applying to todayââ¬â¢s organization. A research aim to investigate both bureaucratic and post- bureaucratic organizational characteristics in 90 workplaces sited in mid-Sweden, both strategies create work dissatisfaction because of tasks repeatedly, firm in a poor innovation situation is a disadvantage of bureaucracy theory. Those are evidences to support arguments listed in the essay. Based on that, my opinion is Taylor and Weberâ â¬â¢s theory is relevant of contemporary organization, but modern companies need to be aware of the theoryââ¬â¢s drawback. The first concept of this essay is the scientific management is relevant to the modern companies if the organization use the four principles of the theory properly. Taylorââ¬â¢s theory explains a method that using scientific techniques to describeââ¬â¢ one best wayââ¬â¢ to complete a work (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg, Coulter, 2015). Using the New Zealandââ¬â¢s (NZââ¬â¢s) contemporary business environment as an example,Show MoreRelatedBureaucracy Theory of Weber1302 Words à |à 6 PagesBureaucracy theory of Weber Weber s theory of bureaucracy (1958) is one of the most popular themes of the studying of organizations. He identified the legitimate of power with authority. Power means the ability to ask people to accept the orders; Legitimation means people regard this power as legitimate so as to obey the orders. Weber identified this authority as three types: Charismatic authority, where the rule can be accepted because the leader has some outstanding personal qualityRead MoreIs the Classical Approach to Management Obsolete? Critically Discuss Your Views on This Matter.1603 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction There have been many different approaches to management over the past few centuries; autocratic, which causes dissatisfaction for employees due to authority being in the hands of one person; paternalistic, in which the authoritative leader cares for his employees more than his profits; democratic, in which the management allows the employees to voice their opinions and laissez faire in which the management stays, for the majority, out of its employees business. These approaches areRead MoreThe Classical Public Administrative Theory1158 Words à |à 5 PagesADMINISTRATIVE THEORY Most twentieth century scholars in sociology and the science of administration consider the classical public administrative theory as the early form of organizational theory and accompanied by three main types of management: scientific, administration and bureaucracy. All of these management ideas are linked to different academics. `The scientific management was developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915); the American engineer in his ââ¬Å"principals of scientific managementâ⬠Read MoreManagement Theories1655 Words à |à 7 PagesOrganization and Management Theories Heather Lunn-Howard HCS/514 11/3/2014 Jeani Thomas In this paper I will give an overview of four areas of management theory: Scientific Management, Human relations Theory, Bureaucracy, and administrative science. Along with some background on where each theory came from. Scientific Management Frederick Taylor, with his theories of Scientific Management, helped mold our modern management styles. In the early 1900s, FrederickRead MoreRules And Regulation Of A Bureaucratic Organization Essay1614 Words à |à 7 Pagesimpact on other employees, who are working together to achieve the same goals. Rules and regulations have the utmost importance in any organization. Max Weber (1864-1920), is known as the father of the bureaucratic management theory. A bureaucratic organization is the type of management, which has a hierarchical structure of command. Bureaucratic organization works using formal rules. These rules are often known as standard operating procedures (SOP). The application of these rules is strict and unavoidableRead MoreCompare and Contrast of the Classical School of Management and the Human Relations School of Management1531 Words à |à 7 Pagesclassical school of management and the human relations school of management The classical or traditional approach to management was generally concerned with the structure and the activities of formal organization. The utmost importance in the achievement of an effective organization were seen to be the issues such as the establishment of a hierarchy of authority, the division of work, and the span of control. The classical management focuses on the efficiency and includes scientific, bureaucratic andRead MoreClassical and Humanist Management Theories Essay1669 Words à |à 7 Pageshumanist management theories have had a major influenced on modern theories of leadership. Making effective use of appropriate models and theories critically examine whether this is actually the case.â⬠Civilization is the product of those who came before us. The evolution of todayââ¬â¢s modern management thinking has grown and developed since nineteenth century and flourished during twentieth. The twentieth century is just part of revolution management theory which started from classical theory, rangingRead MoreCompare and Contrast of the Classical School of Management and the Human Relations School of Management1545 Words à |à 7 Pagesclassical school of management and the human relations school of management The classical or traditional approach to management was generally concerned with the structure and the activities of formal organization. The utmost importance in the achievement of an effective organization were seen to be the issues such as the establishment of a hierarchy of authority, the division of work, and the span of control. The classical management focuses on the efficiency and includes scientific, bureaucraticRead MoreWeberian Bureaucracy Essay1417 Words à |à 6 Pageswe view and operate within the boundaries of public administration. Max Weber was the father of bureaucracy that eventually developed into what we now know of as public administration. Weber actually was the first one to coin the term bureaucracy and use it to define the way things at the time operated, or his ideal version of what an ideal utopian workplace would operate. In a Weberian Bureaucracy, there is a clear and rigid division of labor that clearly identifies and defines the tasks and dutiesRead MoreClassical Theory, Bureaucracy and Contingency Theories Explained1591 Words à |à 7 PagesThe earliest contributors to our understanding of management theory include practising managers and social scientists. More recent theorists have tended to be academics or management consultants. The early the early theorists can be divided into two main groups- the practising managers, such as Taylor and Fayol, and the social scientists, such as Mayo and McGregor. The Classical Theories The classical management theory is a school of management thought in which theorists delved into how to find
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
A Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan Essay - 1160 Words
In Amy Tanââ¬â¢s, A Pair of Tickets, Tan uses a change in setting paralleled to a change in character to reveal that when a person learns something new, whether it be about a culture or another person, it changes the way they think and accept the world around them. June May is a 36-year-old woman of Chinese decent. She grew up in San Francisco, California and has never known what it is to be Chinese. She has denied any sympathy to the culture and it has a lot to do with the relationship she had with her now gone mother. Her mother believed that ââ¬Å"Once you are born Chinese, you cannot help but feel and think Chinese.â⬠She also told June May, ââ¬Å"Someday you will see, itââ¬â¢s in your blood waiting to be let go.â⬠June May simply did not understand what her mother meant when she said, ââ¬Å"I saw myself transforming like a werewolf, a mutant tag of DNA suddenly triggered, replicating itself insidiously into a syndrome, a cluster of telltale Chinese behaviors, all those things my mother did to embarrass me-haggling with store owners, pecking her mouth with a toothpick in public, being color-blind to the fact that lemon yellow and pale pink are not good combinations for winter.â⬠This shows that June Mayââ¬â¢s percept ion on what it is to be Chinese is greatly isolated to the things she saw her mother do. She has never been submerged in the Chinese culture and does not understand how she could become Chinese. More importantly, she does not understand the true desire of her motherââ¬â¢s heart in reunitingShow MoreRelatedA Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan1651 Words à |à 7 Pages A Pair of Tickets Amy Tan was Chinese ââ¬âAmerican, born in San Francisco to Chinese immigrants. Amy didnââ¬â¢t set out to be a writer, but she loved writing. When she wrote the Joy Luck Club, it was about stories from four different families that met every week and played mahjong, ate Chinese food, and told stories. Amy didnââ¬â¢t realize how much of these stories she absorbed growing up. Amy never set out to write about her own life, but when she began writing, she realized she had unconscientiously subsumedRead MoreA Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan964 Words à |à 4 Pagesultimate fear: her heritage. In ââ¬Å"A Pair of Ticketsâ⬠, Amy Tan illustrates that a personââ¬â¢s identity is much deeper than their skin; it is exemplified by the personââ¬â¢s actions and family. Qun Wang was right when he said ââ¬Å"Tan intermingles intercultural and intergenerational conflictâ⬠(Wang). She uses June Mayââ¬â¢s conflict between her and her cultural identity and her and her mother to il lustrate the grey area of who the first generation Chinese Americans are supposed to identify. Tan also uses the setting of modernRead MoreA Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan936 Words à |à 4 PagesA Pair of Tickets Amy Tanââ¬â¢s short story ââ¬Å"A Pair of Tickets,â⬠has June May crossing an ocean to visit her family that she has never met, where she connects with her Chinese heritage in a way she was never able to before. On her trip, she discovers the depth and importance of her culture through her family members. The main character, June May, is a woman of Chinese heritage, from San Francisco, California. Growing up in the United States, in a very American environment, June May feels as thoughRead MoreA Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan1092 Words à |à 5 PagesIn the story A Pair of Tickets by Amy Tan, talks about the story of Jing-Mei, the narrator, going to China to fulfill her mother s dream. This story was a reflection of Tan s life experiences when she visited China to go learn more about her background and see her sister. Going to China for the first time made her feel as she was transforming and feeling the Chinese in her that she never knew she has. She later finds out how much she cherishes her family and learns how important her cultureRead MoreA Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan1555 Words à |à 7 Pages Jing-mei is ignorant about the people and places in China, which could be the most likely cause of her being raised in America and only knowing American culture. Setting is integral for Jing-mei to finally understand herself. In Amy Tanââ¬â¢s short story ââ¬Å"A Pair of Ticketsâ⬠setting is used to emphasize the discovery of self-identity as well as heritage and culture for the protagonist Jing-mei. Having lived all her life in San Francesco, Jing-mei has never considered herself as Chinese. Her backgroundRead MoreEssay on A Pair of Tickets Amy Tan1128 Words à |à 5 PagesA Pair of Tickets Amy Tan Amy Tanââ¬â¢s A Pair Of Tickets is a story concerning family and roots. June May, like the author herself, was a Chinese born in USA and grew up with an American background culture, whereas her mother grew up in China and then immigrated to America. Looking at the repeated words, we discussed that one there are many words such as mother, sister, father and Aiyi. Most of the characters in this story belong to one family, June Mayââ¬â¢s family. It suggests to us that theRead MoreAnalysis Of A Pair Of Tickets By Amy Tan1084 Words à |à 5 PagesIn the story A Pair of Tickets by Amy Tan, talks about the story of Jing-Mei, the narrator, going to China to fulfill her mothers dream. This story was based on Tans life experiences when she went to go learn more about her background and see her sister in China. Going to China for the first time made her feel as she was transforming and feeling the Chinese in her that she never knew she has. She later finds out how much she cherishes her family and learns how important her culture is to herRead MoreA Pair of Tickets by Amy Tan Essay697 Words à |à 3 PagesAmy Tan is an author who uses the theme of Chinese-American life, focusing mainly on mother-daughter relationships, where the mother is an immigrant from China and the daughter is a thoroughly Americanized --yellow on the surface and white underneath. In her book, the mother tries to convey their rich history and legacy to her daughter, who is almost completely ignorant of their heritage, while the daughter attempts to understand her hopelessly old- fashioned mother, who now seems to harbor a secretRead MoreLiterary Technique of ââ¬Å"a Pair of Ticketsâ⬠by Amy Tan724 Words à |à 3 PagesThe short story A Pair of Tickets, authored by Amy Tan is a detailed analysis of issues that concern many people that are of a different descent but that have been residents or migrated to another country for a long time. The story was written in such a way that if o ne does not take cognizance of interpretation of stories; one may not really gesticulate what the author is trying to portray. The story was about a young American student on a journey for the first time to China with a plan of reunitingRead MoreRelationship between Two Sisters in A Pair of Tickets by Amy Tan642 Words à |à 3 Pageswhere the heart is are absolutely right when it comes to the story of Jing-Mei in Amy Tanââ¬â¢s A Pair of Tickets. This unique story provides a look into the mind of a young girl who meets her long lost relatives for the first time and the connection she feels with them as well as with her surroundings. This story is a great parallel to the connection that can be shared in a family even across long distances. Amy Tan is a brilliant author and has mastered the use of literary techniques such as backstory
Inventory Control System
Question: Discuss about theInventory Control System. Answer: Introduction An Inventory Control System of an organization deals with various aspects of the production process. It deals in managing the inventories of the company in accordance with purchasing, tracking, shipping, warehousing, receiving, storage and turnover (Teller et al.). In order to manager all the functions within the system, an efficient computerized inventory control system must be taken into consideration. This system analyses all the functions related to inventory system with the help of softwares. These softwares help in analysing the situation of the organization and making it easier for them to formulate their production process. Each production step is analysed by a separate sub system and are performed in a sequential manner in order to have a well maintained inventory control (Wolfson, Grondstra, and Jarva). Efficiently managed tracking of the inventory is quite vital for the organization to maintain a successful operation. The inventory control system provides the firm with the opportunity of saving time. With the help of a computerized inventory system, the organization can easily manage their data and records without delivering any mistakes in tracking the inventories. Manually maintaining the records of the firm often leads to corrections, rectifications and complications (Bormaster). It takes time and hard work. Managing the records and data with the help of softwares overcomes these hurdles by delivering accurate results. An organization operates most efficiently when its processes are executed in a consistent manner. A computerized inventory system ensures that all the orders, reports and documents are maintained in a uniform manner, thereby maintaining consistency in the management system. Reference Teller, David M., Richard Sheryll, and Lance Ong. "Inventory control system." U.S. Patent No. 4,961,533. 9 Oct. 1990. Wolfson, William, Jan W. Grondstra, and Curt Jarva. "Inventory control system." U.S. Patent No. 4,419,734. 6 Dec. 1983. Bormaster, Ronald. "Inventory control system." U.S. Patent No. 6,967,563. 22 Nov. 2005.
Tuesday, April 21, 2020
Natural Resource Aspects Essays - Government Of South Korea
Natural Resource Aspects NATURAL RESOURCE ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LEBANON AGRICULTURE Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies The Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) and The Rural Development and Natural Wealth Directorate are most responsible for agriculture. National and International NGOs and UN organizations are also active. Programmes and Projects In terms of rural development, MoA is implementing a $5.5 million internationally-supported integrated rural development programme in the Baalbeck-Hermel region to provide small- and medium-scale farmers assistance which would lead to sustainable human development through startup activities. These activities include improvement of health, social services, education and income-generating non-agricultural activities. Challenges Three broad areas exist where agriculture practices are having adverse effects: ? Misuse of water - the present use of irrigation water is inefficient with high losses and wasteful applications to most crops. ? Misuse of agrochemicals - agrochemicals misuse constitute a serious health hazard with an urgent need for pesticide control through law enforcement; fertilizers pose a less serious health hazard, but their use appears to be haphazard and may be contaminating water resources. ? Soil erosion from land abandonment and overgrazing. Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising Farmer capacity and awareness building is on-going. In rural areas support for groups like women is provided to help prevent migration to urban areas. Additionally, through UNDP, international assistance to local NGOs is helping vulnerable groups such as women and the disabled. NGOs like the YWCA have programmes of their own with similar goals. YWCA-USA has provided YWCA Lebanon with a $50,000 fund for rural area support. * * * This information is based on Lebanon's submission to the 5th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997. For country reports on Plant Genetic Resources, click here. To access the FAOSTAT Data Base for information by country, item, element and year, click here: Click here to link to the Biosafety Information Network and Advisory Service (BINAS), a service of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), which monitors global developments in regulatory issues in biotechnology. Click here to link to Country and Sub-regional Information on Plant Genetic Resources of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Click here to go to Web Site of the Codex Alimentarius Commission, which includes information on the Codex Alimentarius and the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme. Click here to access the Web Site of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). Click here to access the sixteen international agricultural research centers that are members of the CGIAR. | Lebanon | All Countries | Home | ATMOSPHERE Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies The Ministry of Environment (protection of the environment), Ministry of Energy, and Hydraulic Resources (management of energy and energy resources). Other ministries are responsible the management of related issues. For instance, the Ministry of Public Health is responsible for health and health related issues, the Ministry of Interior to enforce regulation pertaining to car emissions, and the municipalities for all enforcement at local level. The Ministry of Environment drafts decrees/laws that are forwarded to concerned Ministries (Ministry of Energy, Hydraulic and Electrical Resources, Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Health, etc.) for review and comment, and then to the Council of Ministers for final approval and activation. In the case of laws, draft laws are sent to the Parliament where they will be subject to an in-depth study by the Environment Parliamentary Committee. The approved law/decree will be disseminated through the Official Gazette. In the case of implementing internationally funded projects, e.g. the Ozone Office (a UNDP Project executed at the Ministry of Environment), the Ministry of Environment along with the Ministries of Finance, Industry, Education, gave consent to implement the Ozone Country Programme. In early 1994, a National Working Committee on Ozone Depleting Substances was formed to support the Ministry of Environment in the ODS issue. This Committee has representatives from the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Industry and Petroleum, Ministry of Education, Department of Customs and Chamber of Industry and Commerce, Association Libanaise pour la Maitrise de l'Energie (ALME), Lebanese Universities (research institutions) and Industry Association. The role of the National Working Committee is to be the main consultative body in ODS and Montreal Protocol related issues in Lebanon and is responsible for
Sunday, March 15, 2020
Using Se with Spanish Verbs To Express the English Passive Voice
Using 'Se' with Spanish Verbs To Express the English Passive Voice If youre new to learning Spanish, you might easily be confused by some of the signs you see in a Spanish-speaking area: SE VENDEN ORO Y PLATASE SIRVE DESAYUNOSE ALQUILA Translate the words the best you can, or type them into a portable translating device, and you very well could end up with translations such as these: Gold and silver sell themselves. Breakfast serves itself. It rents itself. Se Used for Type of Passive Voice Obviously, those literal translations dont make much sense. But once you become familiar with the language, you realize that such usages of se and verbs are quite common and are used to indicate objects being acted upon without stating who or what is doing the action. That explanation might be a mouthful, but we do the same thing in English, only in a different way. For example, take a sentence such as The car was sold. Who did the selling? Out of context, we dont know. Or consider a sentence such as The key was lost. Who lost the key? Well, we probably know, but not from that sentence! In English, we call such verb usages the passive voice. It is the opposite of the active voice, which would be used in sentences such as John sold the car or I lost the shoe. In those sentences we are told who is performing the action. But in the passive voice, the subject of the sentence is acted upon by someone (or something) rather than being the one performing the action. Spanish does have a true passive voice corresponding to the English one: El coche fue vendido (The car was sold) and el zapato fue perdido (the shoe was lost) are two examples, but it isnt used nearly as much as in English. Much more common is use of the third-person reflexive verb form, which uses the pronoun se. (Dont confuse se with sà ©, which means I know or sometimes you be as a command.) Rather than saying that something is done to something, Spanish speakers have the object doing it to itself. Se Passive Shouldn't Be Translated Literally Thus, se venden oro y plata, although translated literally would mean gold and silver sell themselves, can be understood to mean gold and silver are sold or even gold and silver for sale, neither of which specify who is doing the selling. Se sirve desayuno means breakfast is served. And se alquila, which might be seen as a sign on a building or object, means simply for rent. Keep in mind that the grammatical function of such reflexive verb forms is to avoid stating who or what is performing the action, or simply to recognize that the performer of the action isnt important. And there are ways of doing that in English other than using the passive voice. As an example, look at the following sentence in Spanish: Se dice que never. Literally, such a sentence would mean it says itself that it will snow, which doesnt make sense. Using a passive construction, we might translate this sentence as it is said that it will snow, which is perfectly understandable. But a more natural way of translating this sentence, at least in informal usage, would be they say it will snow. They here doesnt refer to specific people. Other sentences can be translated similarly. Se venden zapatos en el mercado, they sell shoes in the market (or, shoes are sold in the market). à ¿Se comen mariscos en Uruguay? Do they eat seafood in Uruguay? Or, is seafood eaten in Uruguay? Sometimes in English we also use one or an impersonal you where a Spanish speaker might use a se construction. For example, se puede encontrar zapatos en el marcado. A translation in passive form would be shoes can be found in the market. But we could also say one can find shoes in the market or even you can find shoes in the market. Or, se tiene que beber mucha agua en el desierto could be translated as one has to drink a lot of water in the desert or you have to drink a lot of water in the desert. The you in such cases doesnt mean the person being spoken to, but rather it refers to people in general. It is important to keep such meanings of English sentences in mind when translating to Spanish. You might be misunderstood if you were to use the Spanish pronoun usted to translate you in the above sentences. (It is possible to use usted or tà º to mean a kind of impersonal you as in the English sentence, but such usage is less common in Spanish than English.) Key Takeaways Reflexive verbs using se are often used to form a type of passive voice, which avoids saying directly who or what is performing the verbs action.This usage should not be translated literally to English, as that would result in phrases such as it sells itself or it lost itself.Spanish has a true passive voice that uses the form ser past participle, but it is used much less often than the English equivalent.
Friday, February 28, 2020
Cultural and Economic Forces in the Maintenance of Reproduction of Essay
Cultural and Economic Forces in the Maintenance of Reproduction of Social Inequality - Essay Example There is certainly the difference of social class due to economic differences. The wealthy and poor are discriminated not only by money but by their appearance and cloths also. The social class has mobility unlike racial stratification. For e.g. some maids may be working to support their studies and after which they will be working in higher paying and more skilled jobs which would take them to higher class socially. The maids and the hotel guests are two poles of different social class based on their economic conditions. The two groups have homogeneity within the group while great difference between the groups. Hence it is better explained by economic polarization of Esteban and Ray (As cited in Palacios-Gonzlez and Garca-Fernndez 1). The polarization differs from inequality in the sense that as the income increases the inequality decreases. The income is considered around the global mean while the polarization centers on many factors. As the polarization increases the social confli ct also increases (Mogues and Carter (4). It is true, though, that the different class of hotel maids put them at culturally disadvantaged position as well. They are excluded from high culture group and restricted in their cultural practices (Benett et al 268). It is to be noted here that the cultural capital alone is not sufficient to remove such class inequality, possession of social capital is necessary to give future generations advantages or being the high social class citizen. In other words the social class with economic capital provide transmission and reproduction of social advantages to next generation while lack of these results in exclusion from advantageous social class (Benett et al 268-269). Case 2- Minorities in the bus (William Harry Shipps) : The minorities including the black Americans had taken to travel en mass in particular buses and avoid those carrying predominantly white people. The racial and ethnic basis of social inequality still continues despite the abolition of slavery in USA. The Marxist view considers inequalities unacceptable though at the same time it finds these inevitable as consequences of unequal availability of cultural and economic capital. According to them the system allows uninterrupted access to strategic and basic resources to some people while restricting access of these to others. Moreover, different groups in social hierarchy are placed at various social distances in terms of cultural and other factors. This different access to opportunities is explained by a number of ideological explanation that not only maintain the social distances but also make these look normal and inevitable (Bartlett 199-200). As a result Marxist explain class as group's ability to own or access a good and that whe re blacks and other American minorities are still at disadvantage. The other reasons for persistence, of this social inequality, is non-mobility that makes racial categories inert for very long time compared to the social class categories. For e.g. blacks are considered as racially subordinate group when it comes to education and occupational opportunities. These opportunities overlook the individual qualities and
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